diff --git a/server-spi-private/src/main/java/org/keycloak/credential/hash/Pbkdf2PasswordHashProvider.java b/server-spi-private/src/main/java/org/keycloak/credential/hash/Pbkdf2PasswordHashProvider.java
index 6a6c1ff3eb..f010dd3729 100644
--- a/server-spi-private/src/main/java/org/keycloak/credential/hash/Pbkdf2PasswordHashProvider.java
+++ b/server-spi-private/src/main/java/org/keycloak/credential/hash/Pbkdf2PasswordHashProvider.java
@@ -49,7 +49,12 @@ public class Pbkdf2PasswordHashProvider implements PasswordHashProvider {
 
     @Override
     public boolean policyCheck(PasswordPolicy policy, CredentialModel credential) {
-        return credential.getHashIterations() == policy.getHashIterations() && providerId.equals(credential.getAlgorithm());
+        int policyHashIterations = policy.getHashIterations();
+        if (policyHashIterations == -1) {
+            policyHashIterations = defaultIterations;
+        }
+
+        return credential.getHashIterations() == policyHashIterations && providerId.equals(credential.getAlgorithm());
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/testsuite/integration-arquillian/tests/base/src/test/java/org/keycloak/testsuite/forms/PasswordHashingTest.java b/testsuite/integration-arquillian/tests/base/src/test/java/org/keycloak/testsuite/forms/PasswordHashingTest.java
index 6763e7d20d..8b978a4058 100644
--- a/testsuite/integration-arquillian/tests/base/src/test/java/org/keycloak/testsuite/forms/PasswordHashingTest.java
+++ b/testsuite/integration-arquillian/tests/base/src/test/java/org/keycloak/testsuite/forms/PasswordHashingTest.java
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ import org.keycloak.testsuite.AbstractTestRealmKeycloakTest;
 import org.keycloak.testsuite.AssertEvents;
 import org.keycloak.testsuite.admin.ApiUtil;
 import org.keycloak.testsuite.client.KeycloakTestingClient;
+import org.keycloak.testsuite.pages.AccountUpdateProfilePage;
 import org.keycloak.testsuite.pages.AppPage;
 import org.keycloak.testsuite.pages.AppPage.RequestType;
 import org.keycloak.testsuite.pages.ErrorPage;
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 import java.security.spec.KeySpec;
 import java.util.Map;
 
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
@@ -78,6 +80,9 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
  */
 public class PasswordHashingTest extends AbstractTestRealmKeycloakTest {
 
+    @Page
+    private AccountUpdateProfilePage updateProfilePage;
+
     @Deployment
     public static WebArchive deploy() {
         return RunOnServerDeployment.create(PasswordHashingTest.class, AbstractTestRealmKeycloakTest.class);
@@ -147,6 +152,42 @@ public class PasswordHashingTest extends AbstractTestRealmKeycloakTest {
         assertEncoded(credential, "password", credential.getSalt(), "PBKDF2WithHmacSHA256", 1);
     }
 
+    // KEYCLOAK-5282
+    @Test
+    public void testPasswordNotRehasedUnchangedIterations() throws Exception {
+        setPasswordPolicy("");
+
+        String username = "testPasswordNotRehasedUnchangedIterations";
+        createUser(username);
+
+        CredentialModel credential = fetchCredentials(username);
+        String credentialId = credential.getId();
+        byte[] salt = credential.getSalt();
+
+        setPasswordPolicy("hashIterations");
+
+        loginPage.open();
+        loginPage.login(username, "password");
+
+        credential = fetchCredentials(username);
+
+        assertEquals(credentialId, credential.getId());
+        assertArrayEquals(salt, credential.getSalt());
+
+        setPasswordPolicy("hashIterations(" + Pbkdf2Sha256PasswordHashProviderFactory.DEFAULT_ITERATIONS + ")");
+
+        updateProfilePage.open();
+        updateProfilePage.logout();
+
+        loginPage.open();
+        loginPage.login(username, "password");
+
+        credential = fetchCredentials(username);
+
+        assertEquals(credentialId, credential.getId());
+        assertArrayEquals(salt, credential.getSalt());
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testPbkdf2Sha1() throws Exception {
         setPasswordPolicy("hashAlgorithm(" + Pbkdf2PasswordHashProviderFactory.ID + ")");